Horseshoe Bend

On March 27, 1814, Major General Andrew Jackson ‘s army of 3,300 men attacked Chief Menawa’s 1,000 Red Stick Creek warriors fortified in a horseshoe shaped bend of the Tallapoosa River known as the battle of Horseshoe Bend.

Over 800 Red Sticks died that day and, although severely wounded, Menawa escaped. Jackson's losses in the battle were 49 killed and 154 mortally wounded.

In August 1814, a treaty between the United States and the Creek Nation was signed at Fort Jackson near the present day city of Wetumpka. This agreement ended the conflict and the Creeks ceded 23 million acres of land to the United States. The state of Alabama was carved out of this domain before being admitted into the Union in 1819.